Electrical substation switch yard general equipments. The purpose of the database is to provide a basis for developing or improving equipment vulnerability functions. Supply of electric power to different consumers is done at low voltage level. Electrical substation components, workings and their functions. S, nagarathna t abstract the substation is the heart of the power system. Introduction to substations annotated instructors guide module overview this module introduces trainees to the function of substations at all levels of the power grid, with an introduction to typical substation components included. The equipment like bus bars, isolator, power transformer etc. Corona rings also called grading rings are hallow metallic rings having large diameter and will have a smooth surface. Practical considerations in applying iec 61850 for. Current transformer when current in a circuit is too high to directly apply to measuring instruments, a current transformer is used. Substation equipment substation devices latest price. Sep 16, 2012 a current transformer is defined as an instrument transformer in which the secondary current is substantially proportional to the primary current under normal conditions of operation and differs in phase from it by an angle which is approximately zero for an appropriate direction of the connections. The circuit breakers shall be trip free so that the contacts cannot be held closed against an. Ehvehv and ehvhv substations are an important element of the electricity transmission network of a country or of a large area of a country and their functions are.
Series 200 is dedicated to complex applications which require many functions included. Fuji electric has developed sf6 gasimmersed transformers since 1973. Electric power substations components and functions ibibor s. A case study on substation load and transmission line. These are having a function of protecting equipment of substation from high voltages and are also limiting the amplitude and duration of the currents flow. These corona rings are placed suitably to metal clamps, joints to encircle the conductors surface. What are the different types of electrical substation. Substation equipments transformer electrical substation. Management science by aryasri ebook pdf free download click here to download. Design guide for rural substations usda rural development. Maintenance and operation of an electrical substation of 220233 kv. Automation involves the deployment of substation and feeder operating functions and. This type of substation gets the power supply from a near producing facility. Line trap a line trap also called wave trap free parallel resonant circuit, connected series with high voltage transmission power.
Oct 18, 2017 this webinar discusses the basic configuration of a substation as well as the key players involved with operations and control of transmission and distribution circuits. Substation equipment and its function 2 slideshare. Technical guide the mvlv transformer substations abb group. It is observed that corona discharge occurs mostly at sharp corners, edges near the conductor fixing points.
Iec 61850 is a comprehensive standard covering also. Substation equipment and their functions substations introduction. For any fault over the substation station we need to break the circuit it means that line current. The purpose of this document is to provide a general guide to the design of an air insulated switchgear ais and a gas insulated switchgear gis of an ac substation.
Management science by aryasri ebook pdf free download. The key steps in the substation designing include switchingsystem, planning and placing of equipment, selection of components as well as ordering, support of engineers, structural design, the design of electrical layout, protection of relay, and major apparatus ratings. Functions generator stepup transmission center distribution. Substations a substation is a highvoltage electric system facility.
For all the power system operations, substations are required for their course of action. The selection is made in the software and choice of cpu capacity. This module introduces trainees to the function of substations at all levels of the power grid, with an. Ac power is required for substation building small power, lighting, heating and ventilation, some communications equipment, switchgear operating mechanisms, anticondensation heaters and motors. This is done by automatically circuit breaker by the help of relay. Pin insulators post insulators strain insulators suspension insulators hallow apparatus insulators deadend insulators solid core insulators what is creepage distance.
The power system is a constituent of power generation, transmission and distribution systems. Electrical substation switch yard general equipments free download as powerpoint presentation. The document is divided into 12 chapters starting from. Jun 26, 2017 the power system is a constituent of power generation, transmission and distribution systems. Home technical articles substation main functions and classification primary distribution alstom 145kv gasinsulated switchgear gis f35 at the shuqaiq hv substation in saudi arabia an electrical substation is an assemblage of electrical components including busbars, switchgear, power transformers, auxiliaries etc.
Substation integration involves integrating protection, control, and data acquisition functions into a minimal number of platforms to reduce capital and operating costs, reduce panel and control room space, and eliminate redundant equipment and databases. Outdoor equipments the following are the various ehv outdoor equipments and their functions are here under. For transferring of electrical power from generating unit to distributing units various types of electrical equipment are required. The substation construction manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but. The substation design manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but rather. Design of power substation authorstream presentation. Moreover, the standard allows a free allocation of these functions and accepts any system philosophy, from a distributed architecture e. His one is the first video i am putting on my channel. Fundamentals of modern electrical substations part 1. To join one of the reputed engineering works, browse the wisdomjobs page and read the substation job interview questions and answers to crack the interview. Distribution substation a distribution substation transfers power from the transmission system to the distribution system of an area.
Here i am explaining the different equipment which are widely used in electrical substation. The following current and former members of the substation subcommittee of the nreca. Sample solution for substation nonexecutive with equipment against the walls cei 99 4, fig. The engineering function is generally more than furnishing of design and. Ensure that a safe area, free of flammable materials, is selected. Substations are congregation of electrical equipment through wh. This high voltage is very dangerous to the instruments used in the substation. A case study on substation load and transmission line losses in 220kv receiving station mallikarjuna g d,sunita h. Substation automation systems make their control and. If you have work that needs to be done in the house, you will need to consider their schedule. One of the biggest challenges in the implementation of substation automation systems is the.
Chapter 4 substation configuration reliability estimatio n by successful path method substations are integral parts of a power system. A substation has several equipments which are briefly discussed below. They are important links between the generating station, transmission systems, distribution systems and the loads at consumer level. Dec 31, 2015 what are different insulators employed in substations. Based on the availability of different resources, substations are building at different locations, but these locations may not be closer to load centers. Based on their function, the voltage of power being handled at the. At present, the demand for electrical power is growing rapidly, and this can be fulfilled by the power generating substations. To better understand the importance of electrical substations, lets start with a discussion about the structure of the power systems and their main components. In the fault situations the electric apparatus and systems become dangerous to humans. In this article you will learn different types of substations, their functions and different equipment used used in them. This electricity is then supplied to a transmission substation near the generating plant. A substation job will help you to gain experience in installation and maintenance of electrical substation equipments, testing and repairing high voltage electricity lines and switchgears. The type of equipment needed in the substation will depend upon the service.
The input for a distribution substation is typically at least two transmission or subtransmission lines. This is the first component in an electrical substation, and the main function of these components is to protect the components of the substation from passing high voltage as well as stops the amplitude and duration of the flow of current. Dc power is used to feed essential services such as circuit breaker trip coils and associated relays, supervisory control and data acquisition scada and communications equipment. The different types of substations mainly include stepup type substation, stepdown transformer, distribution, underground distribution, switchyard, customer substation, and system station. Substation equipments and functions 50 hr interview questions and answers sai saikumar jn 1. Creepage distance is the shortest distance between two conducting points along the surface of the insulating. The most recent shipment was a 110kv, 40mva unit to the shimada substation. Substation definition n critical for generation, transmission, and distribution system n performs several important switching functions n may have various voltage levels before it reaches the customer n owned and operated by an electrical utility or a large industrialcommercial customer. This webinar discusses the basic configuration of a substation as well as the key players involved with operations and control of transmission and distribution circuits.
It is used to switch generators, equipment, and circuits or lines in and out of a system. The substation buses are currentcarrying devices that interconnect the individual pieces of substation equipment. This feature together with the possibility of free allocation of functions paves the way for a vast range of possible solutions for protection and substation automation sa systems. These types of transformers are increasingly used in urban substations. The document is divided into 12 chapters starting from electrical arrangement to lightning and earthing protection. Electrical substation components list diagram, working. Bus bars are the conductors to which a number of incoming and outgoing circuits are connected.
It means that you will have to refinance into a home rehab loan. Rules to follow for substation safety published on. Substation interview questions answers engineering tutorial. Between the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through several substations at different voltage levels. Pdf development of an electrical substation equipment. Apr 02, 2016 kel37 page 2 substation equipments and its function distribution system the major function of distribution system is to provide power to individual consumer requirement. Drawings or informational data shall be provided as a standard pdf file. Each substation has the following parts and equipment. Distribution voltages are typically medium voltage, between 2. Collector substations also exist where multiple thermal or hydroelectric power plants of comparable output power are in proximity. Pdf maintenance and operation of an electrical substation. Fundamentals of electrical substations and switchgear.
High voltage substation design and application guide eep. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. The manual is applicable for all substation projects regardless of internalexternal design delivery mode. To better understand the importance of electrical substations, lets start with a discussion about the structure of the power systems and their. It also is used to change ac voltages from one level to another, andor change alternating current to direct current or direct current to alternating current. Substation has a critical role in power network because it is a subsidiary station of an electricity generation, transmission and distribution system where voltage is transformed from high to low. Tikhodeev encyclopedia of life support systems eolss into substation equipment systems. Pdf green and sustainable power is the need of the day. Unesco eolss sample chapters electrical energy systems components and substations for electrical transmission and distribution systems b. Part 1 also provides an overview of substation major equipment, explaining the mission, and arrangement of each component. The system illustrated in figure 423 can freely expand as necessary and is free of captured spans that.
These components are connected in a definite sequence such that a circuit can be switched off during normal operation by manual command and also automatically during abnormal. Components and substations for electrical transmission and. Practical considerations in applying iec 61850 for protection. Maintenance and operation of an electrical substation of. Growing demand of power can be fulfilled by establishing new substations. A distribution substation transfers power from the transmission system to the. The lightning arresters can be considered as the first ever components of a substation.
Ppt on substation equipments authorstream presentation. Basic substation configurations and the components avo training. In power system network, in order to transmit and distribute the generated power, it is necessary to install substations at strategic points to work at required voltage level since high voltage transmission is resorted to. Information produced and required by each substation is given in the iec61850 standard. Electrical energy systems components and substations for electrical transmission and distribution systems b. Their main functions are to receive energy transmitted at high voltage from the generating station, reduce the voltage to a value appropriate for local distribution and provide facilities for switching. Webinar substation the basics of a substation configuration. Electrical substation equipment for transferring of electrical power from generating unit to distributing units various types of electrical equipment are required.
Substation equipment and their functions essay 57411 words. In the transmission substation the voltage is increased substantially using step up transformers. There are different types of power generating substations like thermal, atomic, and hydroelectric. The electrical substation design is a complex method with full of engineer planning. Functional architecture the main substation automation sa function consists of several sub functions which are appropriately interfaced.
The role of ehvehv and ehvhv substations in transmission network. Their main functions are to receive energy transmitted at high voltage from the generating station, reduce the voltage to a value. Some of the insulators employed in substations are. Substation automation concept 1mrk 500 060ben page 4 protection and control terminals contd series 200 terminals the same terminal can be used for more than one object and various functions. Aug 19, 2010 substation, its function and types an electrical substation is an assemblage of electrical components including busbars, switchgear, power transformers, auxiliaries etc. The manual is applicable for all substation projects regardless of internalexternal construction delivery mode. Electric power equipment maintenance and testing, 2nd edition. The selection of an electric motor for any application depends on which of the following. The collector substation can also provide power factor correction if it is needed, metering and control of the wind farm. Electricity is generated in a thermal power plant, hydroelectric power plant, and nuclear power plant, etc. Distribution substation is a substation from which electric supply is distributed to the different users. Iec 6185081 also enables splitting between function.
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