Thanatephorus cucumeris teleomorph thielaviopsis basicola. Efforts to develop new methods of biological control have a certain urgency, because farmers and scientists are increasingly troubled by the costs and dangers of chemicals pesticide use. Yearround ipm program for cotton 5 preplant to planting. Cotton diseases and their control unt digital library. Integrated pest management national cotton council of.
Webbased intelligent diagnosis system for cotton diseases control hui li 1, ronghua ji 2, jianhua zhang 1, xue yuan 1, kaiqun hu 1, lijun qi 1, 1 college of engineering, china agriculture university, beijing, p. Diseases and production problems of cotton in arizona. Cotton development upland cotton was domesticated from a subtropical, perennial plant in its native desert habitat. Diagnostic features and description of the major insect pest of cotton based on the mode of feeding. Cotton through control, ginning and compression the research summarized by ed hughs in his presentation to a group of ecuadorian phytosanitary officials highlights information that was critical to decisions that allowed unrestricted cotton bale movement and at the same time protected producer and federal investments in boll. Cotton plants are subject to diseases caused by various pathogenic fungi, bacteria, and viruses and to damage by nematodes parasitic worms and physiological disturbances also classified as diseases. It is much more difficult to control with insecticides. Cotton foliar diseases travis faske mp154 a rkansas plant disease control products guide 2019 1use where nematode pressure is low to moderate. It has developed general guidelines for assessing yield reduction in cottongrowing states. Cotton pest management scouting report pdf michael l. Webbased intelligent diagnosis system for cotton diseases.
Cotton diseases and pests, description, uses, propagation. Important diseases of cotton and their control measures in india. If no prevention and control measure is taken, the loss can be 30 %50 %. Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective capsule, around the seeds of cotton plants of the genus gossypium. The chemical component is the fungicide, metalaxyl. At present yielding condition, the economic loss of cotton will be 5 %15 % due to plant diseases and insect pests. There are several species of cutworms that attack seedling cotton. Therefore, the prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests of crops must be comprehensive, especially that of cotton, because the plant diseases and.
Now it is grown as an annual crop in missouri and throughout the cottongrowing regions of the united states. Rhizoctonia solani thanatephorus cucumeris teleomorph. Pest and disease management in cotton alka najan paithan taluka. Cotton planted into weedy fields, cotton produced under various conservation tillage systems, and cotton produced on cool soils are more susceptible to cutworm infestation. Losses have been estimated as high as 50 percent in some african countries and in brazil. The university of tennessee extension cotton disease and. Restricted use pesticides for sale and use only by licensedcertified applicators or persons under their direct supervision. Screening of cotton hybrids against bacterial blight incited byxanthomonas campestris pv. Diseases of cotton root rot leaf curl bacterial blight.
Control volunteer and ratoon cotton throughout the year. The adult bandedwinged whitefly has faint but visible grayish zigzag bands on the wings. Allen wratherdiseases section in collaboration withmelvin newmanuniversity of tennesseejacksongabe sciumbatomississippi state universitystonevillecotton developmentupland cotton was domesticated from a subtropical, perennial plant in its native desert habitat. This is the only labeled fungicide, but it can not control the fungus after infection has occurred. Sclerotium stem and root rot southern blight sclerotium rolfsii athelia rolfsii teleomorph seedling disease complex colletotrichum gossypii fusarium spp. Mueller, extension cotton pathologist seedling diseases seedling diseases occur on cotton in south carolina every year. University of californias official guidelines for pest monitoring techniques, pesticides, and. To be able to know the sign and symptoms of disease.
South carolina pest management handbook for field crops 2016 115 cotton disease control john d. Low or notill cotton may increase the frequency and severity of seedling diseases since reduced tillage preserves inoculum that overwinters in crop debris. Field control of cotton seedling diseases with trichoderma. Cotton is the collective name given to four species of plants in the genus gossypium, gossypium hirsutum, gossypium barbadense, gossypium arboreum and gossypium herbaceum which are perennial shrubs in the family malvaceae grown for the fluffy fiber which protects the seeds of the plant. The staff also provides technical assistance to facilitate the trade of u. Use control measures where cotton stands are threatened.
Use fungicide treated seed, avoid planting in cool wet weather, and incorporate cotton residue to encourage decomposition, which helps in fields with a history of ascochyta blight. Rhizoctonia solani is the most common pathogen with. This article talks about the diseases distribution, symptomssigns, biology, identification, sampling, and control. The spots caused by cevcospora are usually small, rarely more than onefourth of an inch in diameter, and are roundish to irregular in shape. Athelia rolfsii teleomorph seedling disease complex. China 83 2college of electric and information engineering, china agriculture university, beijing, p. Upland cotton was domesticated from a subtropical, perennial plant in its native desert. An understanding of the cotton plants growth patterns is important for timely management practices. David stelly, a cotton breeder in the department of soil and. The principal cotton diseases which cause damage in the southern states are described and illustrated in the following pages and the bestknown methods of controlling them are described. To be familiar about the pesticides like fungicides, insecticides and their use in the crop at different times applying different.
In the integrated management of diseases, the use of fungicides is a major method to control plant diseases to be an effective method against pathogens, the facility of implementation and the immediate results of this method, which makes it. In china, the main cotton pest is the boll weevil also a danger to cotton crops in other countries. Margins of necrotic regions on leaves and cotyledons will have dark borders. Diseases of cotton plant diseases biology discussion. Cotton diseases and methods of control 31 leaf spot, due to the attacks of the ceicospora fiiiigu c. This group shares information concerning the control of cotton diseases and studies ways to estimate disease losses. When planting in reduced tillage situations, using an infurrow fungicide should be considered. However, ascochyta blight typically occurs early in the season, and. Manage crop residues and consider crop rotations based on best practice for diseases present in the field. The role of ppqs cotton pest programs is to eradicate the boll weevil and pink bollworm from all cottonproducing areas of the u. In contrast to most other field crops, leaf spot and blight diseases have never impacted the cotton yield. Intensive systems of production where yields per unit area are large may permit the adoption of disease control measures which would not otherwise be economic.
Several virus diseases have been described on cotton but are only of minor importance in texas. Allen wrather diseases section in collaboration with melvin newman university of tennesseejackson gabe sciumbato mississippi state universitystoneville cotton development. South carolina pest management handbook for field crops 2018 123 cotton disease control john d. Cotton seedling diseases nc state extension publications. Oktay erdogan cotton research institute, nazilliturkey email.
Cotton leafroll dwarf virus, or clrdv, was first reported in alabama in. The only effective means of control is with an application of a mancozeb foliar fungicide before the cotton is infected. For more information on disease management visit the mybmp disease management module. Ensure vehicles, equipment and people have followed come clean go clean principles. Seedling diseases seedling diseases can cause great losses to cotton producers in tennessee. The most important disease of woody dicotyledonous plants in arizona is phymatotrichopsis root rot cotton or texas root rot caused by a unique and widely distributed soilborne fungus, phymatotrichopsis omnivora. Epidemiology and control rhizoctonia solani, a soil. The insect control and cotton disease research unit develops, evaluates, and integrates biologically and ecologicallybased technologies and strategies for the areawide management of insect pests and diseases that adversely affect u. Pdf cotton diseases, insects and control researchgate. Select soils that can contain water medium and heavy soil.
A new viral disease of cotton found in recent years in several southeastern u. Cultural practices can impact natural predators, parasites and diseases, which play an important role in the biological control of many cotton pests. Planting in raised beds can help control seedling disease by improving soil drainage. Among the most destructive are cotton bollworms, plant bugs, stink bugs, aphids, thrips and spider mites. To get maximum ideas regarding the control measures and management of disease found in cotton. To be familiar with the diseases found in the cotton. South carolina pest management handbook for field crops. The disease, cotton blue disease, was observed recently in a cotton field in central texas where multiple offtype plants were noted by a research group headed by dr. Full text of cotton diseases and methods of control.
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